Demo: PPL/H

The center of gravity is the point at which the total mass of the aircraft is considered to act. The other options are incorrect: it's not just the heaviest point, not the neutral point, and not halfway between the neutral point and datum line.

The moment is the product of a mass and a balance arm. Only this gives the turning effect about a point. The sum, difference, or quotient of mass and arm do not represent a physical moment.

The balance arm is the horizontal distance between the C.G. of a mass and the datum line. The other options are incorrect because they refer to limits or compare the C.G. to a limit, not to the datum, which is the reference point.

Before weighing, all useable fuel must be drained so only the Basic Empty Mass is measured. Engine oil, batteries, and service equipment are part of the Basic Empty Mass and should remain in the aircraft.

The correct cross is at the intersection of 725 kg (mass) and 650,000 mmkg (moment). Only this cross shows the correct center of gravity. The other crosses are at different mass or moment values and are therefore incorrect.

Correct: The angle of descent is the angle between a horizontal plane and the actual flight path, expressed in degrees. The other answers confuse angles with percentages or describe a ratio, not the angle itself.

The correct answer is '9 kt headwind' because the wind is almost directly ahead (only 30° off the runway heading). The longitudinal component is cos(30°) × 10 kt ≈ 9 kt. The other answers are incorrect as they either have the wrong direction or value.

The correct answer is right because the MEF is the highest elevation in a 30x30 minute area plus a safety margin, rounded up to the next 100 ft. The other answers are wrong as they specify a fixed margin, ignore obstacles, or round down instead of up.

FL 055 is correct because for magnetic tracks from 180° to 359° (southbound), odd flight levels plus 500 ft are used. With 181° and 3° east variation, the magnetic track remains southbound, so FL 055 is the lowest allowed VFR semicircular flight level. The other options are either too low or for other directions.

The difference between actual ramp mass (1145 kg) and MTOM (1140 kg) is 5 kg. Since 1 liter AVGAS weighs about 0.72 kg, about 7 liters must be burned. The other options would not reduce the mass enough or would be too much.

The correct answer is: Runway 24L/06R at Palma de Mallorca (LEPA) airport will be closed from November 21st 2011 2200 UTC until November 22nd 2011 0500 UTC. NOTAM times are in UTC, LEPA is Palma de Mallorca. Other options use wrong times, airports, or misinterpret altitude codes.

The correct answer is 'Altitude 9500 ft MSL' because the NOTAM specifies the altitude in feet above mean sea level (MSL). The other options are incorrect as they refer to meters, flight level, or height above ground, which do not apply here.

The EOBT in the ATS flight plan is always given in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) to ensure a worldwide standard. Central European Time, Local Mean Time, and Standard Time are not globally consistent and thus not suitable.

For cross-border flights, filing a flight plan is required so authorities are informed. The other options are not generally mandatory or relate to different situations.

15.6 min is correct because only the fuel above alternate and reserve (120-40-30=50 lbs) can be used to reach the destination. With a fuel flow of 2 lbs/min (80 lbs in 25 min), 50 lbs last 25 min. But only the time to the destination counts, so 15.6 min is correct. The other options are too high.

The correct symbol for a general spot elevation according to ICAO is symbol C. This symbol shows a small number with a dot below it. The other symbols represent different map features and not spot elevations.

The correct ATIS frequency for LMML (Luqa) is 127.400 MHz. This frequency is officially assigned for the airport's automatic weather and information service. The other frequencies are used for different services or airports and are not correct here.

128.150 MHz is the Luqa Tower frequency, responsible for midfield crossings at 6500 ft. The other frequencies are for different services: 135.100 MHz is Approach, 121.600 MHz is Ground, and 127.400 MHz is Delivery. For this altitude, you must contact the Tower.

The correct frequency for VOR/DME SPR southwest of Lausanne is 113.90 MHz. This is shown on the aviation chart. The other frequencies are for different navigation aids or not suitable for VOR/DME (e.g., 375 MHz is not a VOR frequency).

The correct answer is tuning LNZ VOR/DME (116.60 MHz) to radial 018 and monitoring the DME, as KILO is located on this radial. The other options use incorrect radials or NDB/bearings, which do not help to identify KILO's position.

The correct answer is 'TMA LNZ 3 "D"' because point 2 is located in this area on the chart and 6500 ft is within the vertical limits of TMA LNZ 3 class D. The other options are incorrect as they refer to the wrong TMA or airspace class.

The correct answer is 245. The 245 radial from DOL VOR/DME matches the turn overhead point 5 on route B (purple). The other radials (195, 095, 375) point in different directions and do not correspond to the turn's location.

Correct: Tune VLM VOR/DME (114.30 MHz) radial 330 with the correct DME, as point 2 is on this radial and distance. Others are wrong because they use the wrong VOR or radial, so they do not identify point 2 correctly.

The correct answer is airspace D, because at point 1 at 4500 ft, the chart shows entry into controlled airspace D. Airspace C is higher, E and G do not apply here as they are below or outside the control zone.

A tubular steel construction with a non self-supporting skin is called grid construction, as the tubes carry the loads and the skin is only a cover. The other types refer to structures where the skin is load-bearing.